山羊MSTN基因多态性与主要经济性状的关联分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2015.09.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究山羊生长抑制素(Myostatin，MSTN)基因的多态性及其与主要经济性状的关系，以山羊为材料，利用PCR-RFLP和PCR-SSCP技术检测了MSTN基因的多态性，分析了其群体遗传结构，并探讨了基因多态性与多个体重、体尺及屠体性状的关系。结果表明，MSTN基因5′调控区－662 bp处C→T转换导致7个群体有TaqⅠ多态，表现CC、CT、TT 3种基因型。波尔山羊CC基因型频率比3个地方品种的CC频率要高，而TT型相反。波尔山羊的等位基因C频率较T高，而地方品种T比C高。除纯种波尔山羊外，其他5个群体均处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态(P<0.01)；SSCP检测外显子3后发现，7个群体均存在NN、NM、MM 3种基因型，均没有CT-NN和CT-NM型个体，并且在波尔山羊中也没TT-NN和TT-NM型，F₁也没有TT-NM型，3个地方品种中也未检测到TT-MM型个体。MSTN基因的5′调控区对断奶重、净肉重有极显著影响(P<0.01)，CC型极显著或显著大于TT型；该位点与后躯肉重也有关(P<0.01)，但基因型间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。以上3个指标上均发现有CC>CT>TT的规律。同时该位点对肝重也有显著影响(P<0.05)，CT型显著大于TT型(P<0.05)。MSTN基因的外显子3对净肉重、后躯肉重和肝重有极显著效应（P<0.01），MM极显著或显著地大于NN型，并且在数值上表现为MM>NM>NN；5′调控区和外显子3的交互作用对断奶重、后躯肉重和肝重有显著影响（P<0.05）， CC-MM型比其他组合基因型表现更重的断奶重、后躯肉重和肝重。以上结果表明：MSTN基因的5′调控区和外显子3的不同分子特征，可用于山羊相应肉用性状的分子标记辅助选择，加速育种进程。

Abstract:

This experiment was designed to study the polymorphisms of Myostatin(MSTN) gene and its effects on body weight，body measurement and carcass traits in goats.The polymorphisms of 5′-regulatory region and exon 3 of MSTN gene in some goat populations were detected by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP in the present study，respectively.The results showed that：The transition(C→T) at －662 bp in the 5′- regulatory region leaded to polymorphisms of TaqⅠ and there were CC，CT and TT genotypes in the 7 populations.The frequency of genotype CC in Boer goat was higher than that in the 3 indigenous goat populations，but the frequency of genotype TT in Boer goat was lower than that in the 3 indigenous goat populations.The frequency of allele C was higher than that of allele T in the Boer goats，while it was contrary in the 3 indigenous goat populations.Except for Boer goat populations，5 other populations were at Hardy-Weinberg nonequilibrium(P<0.01).Three genotypes NN，NM and MM were found in exon 3 of MSTN gene in 7 populations.The individuals with genotype CT-NN and CT-NM were not detected in the 7 populations.The individuals with genotype TT-NN and TT-NM were not detected in Boer goats，and the individuals with genotype TT-NM were also not found in F1.Furthermore，individuals with genotype TT-MM were also not observed in 3 indigenous goat populations.The correlations between the polymorphisms of MSTN gene 5′-regulatory region and weaning weight，meat weight and hindquarters meat weight were very significant(P<0.01).The average values of weaning weight and meat weight of individuals with genotype CC were significantly higher than that of individuals with genotype TT(P<0.01 in weaning weight，P<0.05 in meat weight) and the average values of hindquarters meat weight were not significantly different among different genotypes(P>0.05).The average values of weaning weight，meat weight and hindquarters meat weight in genotypes CC，CT and TT decreased in turn.At the same time，the significant correlations between the polymorphisms of MSTN gene 5′-regulatory region and liver weight was found(P<0.05).The average values of liver weight of individuals with genotype CT was significantly higher than that of individuals with genotype TT and the significant difference in liver weight among other genotypes were not observed(P>0.05).The significant correlations between the polymorphisms of exon 3 and meat weight，hindquarters meat weight and liver weight were observed(P<0.01).The genetic effects for genotypes were MM>NM>NN and the average values of meat weight，hindquarters meat weight and liver weight of individuals with genotype MM were significantly higher than that of individuals with genotype NN(P<0.01 in meat weight，P<0.05 in hindquarters meat weight and liver weight).The genetic interaction between exon 3 and 5′-regulatory region affected significantly weaning weight，hindquarters meat weight and liver weight(P<0.05).The average values of the 3 indexes of individuals with genotype CC-MM were the highest among the compound genotypes.Therefore，the different MSTN genotypes might be used as molecular genetic marker to select body weight，body measurement or carcass traits in goats.

中图分类号:

S827
S813.3

闵令江，丰艳妮，李兰，李美玉. 山羊MSTN基因多态性与主要经济性状的关联分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2015, 46(9): 1515-1524.

MIN Ling-jiang，FENG Yan-ni，LI Lan，LI Mei-yu. Associations of MSTN Gene’s Polymorphisms with Some Economic Traits in Goats[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2015, 46(9): 1515-1524.

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